Lesson 6

⚡ Bitcoin Layer 2 & Citrea

Scaling Bitcoin for billions of users

⏱️ 55 min 📊 Intermediate

The Scaling Challenge

Bitcoin's base layer processes ~7 transactions per second. Visa handles 65,000+. How can Bitcoin serve billions?

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The Answer: Layer 2

Build on top of Bitcoin. Keep the security and decentralization of Layer 1 while adding speed and functionality on Layer 2.

⚡ Lightning Network

The first major Layer 2—a network of payment channels enabling instant, near-free Bitcoin transactions.

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Instant Payments

Transactions confirm in milliseconds, not 10 minutes.

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Tiny Fees

Fractions of a cent per transaction—even for micropayments.

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Real-World Success: El Salvador

The Chivo wallet uses Lightning to enable everyday Bitcoin payments for 6+ million citizens.

🔶 What is Citrea?

Citrea is a Bitcoin Layer 2 that brings smart contracts to Bitcoin using zero-knowledge rollup technology.

🔶Citrea Features
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Smart Contracts

Ethereum-compatible (EVM) smart contracts powered by Bitcoin security

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ZK-Rollup

Validity proofs verified on Bitcoin—mathematically impossible to cheat

Bitcoin-Native

Built on Bitcoin's security, not a separate chain

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Bitcoin DeFi

Lending, trading, and financial apps with BTC as the native asset

🔄 Lightning vs Citrea

Lightning Network

Best for: Payments
Speed: Instant
Use case: Coffee purchases, tipping, remittances

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Citrea

Best for: Smart contracts
Speed: Fast (rollup batches)
Use case: DeFi, NFTs, complex applications

🧩 What are Rollups?

Rollups bundle many transactions together and post a single proof to the main chain. This dramatically increases throughput while inheriting base layer security.

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ZK-Rollups Explained

Zero-Knowledge rollups generate mathematical proofs that thousands of transactions were executed correctly. Bitcoin verifies these proofs without processing each transaction individually.

🏛️ Austrian Economics: Permissionless Innovation

"The market is not a place, a thing, or a collective entity. It is a process." — Ludwig von Mises

Layer 2s embody free market principles—entrepreneurs building solutions without asking permission from any central authority. Anyone can create a Layer 2 on Bitcoin.

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Innovation Without Permission

Unlike traditional finance where innovation requires regulatory approval, Bitcoin Layer 2s can be launched by anyone. The market decides which solutions succeed.

🌍 The Vision: Bitcoin for Everyone

🔮The Future Stack
Layer 3+: Applications, games, social networks
Layer 2: Lightning (payments) + Citrea (smart contracts)
Layer 1: Bitcoin - The immutable, decentralized foundation
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Watch: The Future of Bitcoin

15:00

📝 Final Quiz

Complete this final quiz to graduate from the Pre-Course! You need 80% to pass.

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Congratulations!

You've completed the Bitcoin Arcade Academy Pre-Course. You now understand the fundamentals of Bitcoin, Austrian economics, and the future of decentralized finance.

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